Disruption of Nocturnal Behavior: Many species of animals, including insects, birds, and mammals, are naturally active during the night. Light pollution can disrupt their nocturnal behaviour, affecting feeding, mating, and predator-prey interactions. For example, some animals may alter their foraging patterns or avoid certain areas due to excessive artificial light.
Interference with Migration: Many species of birds, particularly during migration, rely on natural cues such as stars and the moon for navigation. Artificial lights can disorient and confuse migrating birds, leading to collisions with buildings, communication towers, or other obstacles. This can result in injuries and fatalities.
Impact on Marine Life: Light pollution can affect marine ecosystems, especially near coastlines. Sea turtles, for instance, are known to be influenced by artificial lights on beaches. Hatchlings are naturally attracted to the brighter horizon over the ocean, and artificial lights can lead them away from the water, making them vulnerable to predation or environmental hazards.
Disturbance of Reproductive Behavior: Light pollution can interfere with the reproductive behaviour of certain species. For example, some amphibians, insects, and fish rely on natural light conditions for their mating rituals. Artificial lights can disrupt these rituals, potentially impacting breeding success.
