The evolution of the swim bladder from the air-breathing organ (a simple lung) of an ancestral fish is an example of exaptation.
In evolutionary biology, the term "exaptation" is used to characterize a characteristic that has been appropriated for a purpose different than the one for which it was originally designed. The phrase was coined in 1982 by Stephen Jay Gould and Elisabeth Vrba to emphasize the idea that a trait's contemporary application does not always explain its historical genesis. As a counterargument to the idea of adaptation, they offered exaptation.
The earliest feathers, for instance, belonged to dinosaurs that could not fly. Therefore, they have to have initially evolved for another purpose. Early feathers might have been utilized for warmth or enticing mates, according to research. Later, though, feathers became necessary for modern birds to fly.
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