Question

Within a century of the conquests in Latin America by Spain and Portugal, the native population had declined considerably from battle and disease. To offset this loss of labor, Spain and Portugal
a. imported slaves from Africa.
b. encouraged European immigration.
c. improved agriculture through new methods of farming.
d. improved living conditions for the native populations.

Answer 1

a and b 

Both slaves were imported from Africa as well as European immigration was encouraged. The extent of both of these measures were different in different times and also for both of the countries. In some periods, there was greater encouragement to immigrate to the new world, while in other periods, the slave trade was more active. 

Answer 2

i think its A imported slaves from africa