The best answer is D) The Modernization of Russia.
Peter I, or Peter the Great, sought above all to turn Russia into a modern great power. His effect on Russia is similar to the effect of the Meiji Restoration in Japan. In the spirit of Enlightenment philosophy, he made efforts to secularize the country and do away with medieval traditions, and to greatly modernize its institutions, such as government and military. He was largely successful, and expanded the territory of the Russian Empire significantly and made Russia a much more formidable world power.
