Answer: No, women could not become citizens in ancient Athens and Rome in the sense of having political rights and participating in the governance of the city.
Explanation: In both ancient Athens and Rome, women were generally excluded from formal political rights and active citizenship as understood in their respective societies. In Athens, women had very limited legal rights and were primarily confined to domestic roles. In Rome, women had somewhat more legal and economic rights but still lacked political rights. Despite these limitations, some women in Rome, particularly those of higher social status, could exert a degree of influence through family connections and social networks.
Therefore, while women could not become full citizens in terms of political participation in either Athens or Rome, their roles and rights varied, with Roman women generally enjoying more legal and economic autonomy than their Athenian counterparts.
