Answer:
The correct answer is:
a) The distinction lies in how they are acquired and cultivated.
Explanation:
For Aristotle, intellectual virtues and moral virtues differ in how they are acquired and cultivated.
Intellectual virtues include:
- Wisdom: The ability to discern what is true and make sound judgments.
- Understanding: The capacity to grasp complex concepts and ideas.
- Prudence: The practical wisdom to make good decisions in specific situations.
- Scientific knowledge: The systematic understanding of principles and laws in various fields.
- Artistic skill: The ability to create and produce works of art.
People acquire intellectual virtues through study, education, and engaging in intellectual activities. By actively seeking knowledge, reflecting on experiences, and practicing critical thinking, individuals can develop intellectual virtues.
On the other hand, moral virtues are cultivated through practice and habituation. Aristotle believed that moral virtues, such as courage, temperance, and generosity, are not innate but are acquired through consistent practice of virtuous actions. By repeatedly engaging in moral behavior and making virtuous choices, individuals develop virtuous habits and cultivate moral virtues.
For example, someone can cultivate courage by facing and overcoming their fears, or cultivate temperance by practicing self-control and moderation in their actions. Through continuous moral action, individuals shape their character and become virtuous.
It is important to note that both intellectual and moral virtues are valued by Aristotle, but they differ in their acquisition and cultivation processes. Intellectual virtues are acquired through education and intellectual activities, while moral virtues are cultivated through practice and habituation of virtuous actions.
