Question

Describe how oxidation and reduction involve electrons, change oxidation numbers, and combine in oxidation-reduction reactions.

Answer 1

The process of oxidation is the loss of electrons or an increase in oxidation state by a molecule, atom or ion and reduction is the gain of electrons or a decrease in oxidation state. The oxidation number is the total number of electrons that an atom gains or loses in order to form a chemical bond with another atom. Redox reactions are electron transfer processes and include all chemical reactions in which atoms have their oxidation state changed. 

Answer 2

In a redox reaction, the gain and loss of electrons by the elements are termed oxidation and reduction.

Oxidation is the process in which in order to form the ions and chemical bonds, the elements lose the electrons. The electron loss will result in the element attaining a stable, complete electronic configuration.

The reduction is the process of gain of electrons by the element in the process of bond formation. The change in oxidation number describes the degree of loss or gain of electrons by the atom. For example, in a reaction, if oxygen gains 2 electrons, then the oxidation number of oxygen will be 2.

The oxidation and reduction reaction takes place simultaneously. In the process of oxidation if an element is oxidized and loses one electron, then the other element gets reduced by gaining the electron.

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