The options, "1). The carbon signal from the carbon-oxygen bond in alcohol would have a low ppm value for its carbon- 13 NMR shift while the ketone carbon-oxygen signal would be at a much higher ppm value and 5) An alcohol would show hydrogen signals from its OH bond in the NMR spectrum while the ketone would not" are correct.
The carbon signal from the carbon-oxygen bond in alcohol is deshielded by the electron-withdrawing effect of the oxygen atom. This causes the signal to appear at a lower ppm value than the signal of carbon-oxygen bonds in ketones.
This is because the oxygen atom in ketones is slightly more electron-donating due to the inductive effect of the carbonyl group, thus resulting in a higher ppm value.
In an NMR spectrum, alcohol will show a strong hydrogen signal from its OH bond due to the presence of hydrogen that can be easily shifted by an external magnetic field. This signal will appear as a peak at a chemical shift of around 3.5 ppm.
On the other hand, a ketone will not show a hydrogen signal from its OH bond in the NMR spectrum because it does not contain hydrogen that can be shifted by an external magnetic field. Instead, the ketone will show signals from the alkyl groups attached to the carbonyl carbon, as well as from the carbonyl carbon itself. These signals will appear as peaks at chemical shifts ranging from 0-12ppm.
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