At the end of the electron transport chain, two protons are removed from glucose molecules and combined with two electrons and two oxygen molecules to create two molecules of water.
The protons are removed from glucose molecules during the process of oxidative phosphorylation when the electrons that have been passed along the electron transport chain are used to reduce two molecules of oxygen to water.
This process is known as oxidative phosphorylation and is powered by the energy released from the oxidation of glucose molecules. The protons are removed from the glucose molecules during glycolysis and the Krebs cycle, and they are carried to the electron transport chain where they are used as a source of energy.
The protons are then moved to the mitochondrial membrane where they are used to create a proton gradient. This gradient is used to drive ATP production by the process of chemiosmosis. Finally, the protons are combined with two electrons and an oxygen atom to form water
This process is driven by the release of energy from the electrons and the protons, which is used to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
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