Question

A study was interested in determining if eating milk chocolate lowered someone's cholesterol levels. Ten people's cholesterol was measured. Then, each of these individuals were told to eat 100g of milk chocolate every day and to eat as they normally did. After two weeks, their cholesterol levels were measured again. Is there evidence to support that their cholesterol levels went down? how should we write the alternative hypothesis? (mud = the population mean difference= before - after).

Answer 1

This study compares the plasma cholesterol response to the daily isoenergetic substitution of a milk chocolate bar (46 g) for a high-carbohydrate snack in young, healthy men following a Step 1 Diet.

Normocholesterolemic men (n = 42) were fed a Step 1 Diet for 21 days (run-in diet), followed by a 27-day experimental period during which they ate the same diet plus either a milk chocolate bar or a high-carb snack; following this, they ate the run-in diet for 21 days and the other snack for 27 days. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol increased (0.08 +/- 0.03 mmol/L) and plasma triglycerides decreased (0.06 +/- 0.03 mmol/L) when subjects consumed milk chocolate bars as opposed to the high-carb snack (P 0.01).

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