The speaker is reminded of the time he was in Greece and the sound of the waves takes him on a mental journey there.
Moreover, The second stanza is about this allusion. He imagines that Sophocles would hear the same sound as if he were standing by the sea. This allusion creates a connection between Sophocles and the speaker. Arnold does this by alluding to Sophocles, the ancient dramatist known for his tragedies. The speaker imagines him standing by the water thinking tragic thoughts. The allusion to the Aegean Sea shows that Arnold is thinking nostalgically of past times.
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