The species likely living in an ecosystem on the other side of the mountain farthest from the coast is the cactus.
- Cacti are evergreen plants. Their stems might be meaty or succulent, cylindrical or flattened.
- The stems are green in colour and photosynthetic, usually fulfilling this job instead of leaves, which are scarce or nonexistent in most adult cacti.
Most cactus species are well-defended by spiky bristles and spines that repel most animals.
- Cacti are xerophytic plants, which means they are physiologically and morphologically suited to the high water shortages of dry ecosystems like deserts.
- Cacti's xerophytic adaptations include (1) succulent, water-retaining stems, (2) a thick, waxy cuticle, and few or no leaves to decrease water losses through transpiration.
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