The correct answer is reflex.
Any complex learning process, such as learning about the field of psychology, involves a complex combination of conscious and unconscious processes. This is true of learning to surf as well. In the past, learning has been examined in terms of its most basic elements: the connections that our minds naturally establish between events.
Events that take place closely together or in order are naturally linked in our minds. When an organism connects stimuli or events that occur concurrently in the environment, associative learning takes place. Observational learning adds social and cognitive layers to all the fundamental associative processes, while classical conditioning tends to involve unconscious processes, operant conditioning tends to involve conscious processes. As a result, all three of the basic learning processes discussed in this chapter revolve around associative learning.
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