4-1 Reading Guide Name: ________________________________
_____________________ is the day to day condition of Earth’s atmosphere at a particular time and place.
Climate refers to the average ____________________ __________________ _____________
conditions of temperature and precipitation in a particular region.
_______________________, _____________________, ___________________ and a few other atmospheric gases trap heat energy and maintain Earth’s temperature range.
If these gases were not present the Earth would be _________° cooler.
Because Earth is a sphere that is tilted on its axis, solar radiation strikes different parts of the Earth’s surface at an angle that __________________________________________________________________________.
Earth’s three main climate zones are ____________________, ___________________, _____________________.
The upward movement of ____________________air and the downward movement of _______________ air create air currents, or winds.
___________________________ patterns of heating and cooling occur in the Earth’s oceans.
_________________________ and other ______________________ can also affect winds and ocean currents.
4-2 What shapes an Ecosystem?
Define biotic factors: __________________________________________________________________
Define abiotic factors: __________________________________________________________________
The area where an organism lives is called its _________________________________.
If an organism’s habitat is its _____________________________, it niche is its _________________________.
No two species can ______________________ the same niche in the same __________________________.
What is competition? ______________________________________________________________________
The competitive exclusion principle states that _________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Give an example of a predator and its prey. ____________________________________________________
What are the three types of symbiosis? _______________, _______________, and _______________.
In figure 4-6, what would happen to the aphids if the ant died? _____________________________________
_______________ are constantly changing in response to natural and ___________________ disturbances.
Compare and contrast primary and secondary succession. ________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
What are pioneer species? ___________________________________________________________________
And give an example. _______________________________________________________________________
Figure 4-9 illustrates the stages in a ___________________ -- _______________________ community.
What are the first organisms to be attracted to the whale carcass? __________________________________
What organisms decompose whale oil? ___________________________________
