Question

A ball is thrown downward in the absence of air resistance.
After it has been released, which statement(s) concerning its acceleration is correct?

A) Its acceleration is constantly increasing.
B) Its acceleration is constant.
C) Its acceleration is constantly decreasing
D) Its acceleration is zero.
E) Its acceleration is greater than g.

Answer 1

B) Its acceleration is constant.

Explanation:

The ball in this problem is in free  fall: this means that there is only one force acting on it, and it is the force of gravity, acting downward.

The magnitude of this force is

$F=mg$

where

m is the mass of the ball

$g=9.8 m/s^2$ is the acceleration of gravity

According to Newton's second law, the acceleration of the ball is related to the force acting on it by

$F=ma$

where a is the acceleration. Equating the two equations, we get

$mg=ma\\a = g$

which means that the acceleration of the ball is constant and equal to g.

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