Answer:
c. the Dutch VOC seized Malacca.
Explanation:
Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie; VOC
The Dutch started around 1606 with several attempts to capture the fortress over the year finally they achieve victory on 1641 And retain possesion of the Island until 1825
After this blow the Portuguese had no foot on the spice trade and their colonial power decrease severely around the world They latter deliver Bombay to the Brithish empire and thus, leaving behind any intention of holding power in the Asian region