Answer:
Second year dividends:
2.25 dividends per preferred share
0 for common stock
$25,000 dividends in arrears
Explanation:
First we determinate the amount of preferred dividends
20,000 shares x $100 each x 2% = $40,000 per year
Then, we check if there are dividends in arrears:
Dividends declared on year 1 $10,000
first we pay preferred stock:
$40,000 - $10,000 = $30,000 in arrears
Second year dividends declared:
45,000 - 40,000 = 5,000 left
but, as there are dividends accumulated this also goes for preferred shares leaving:
30,000 - 5,000 = 25,000 in arrears
45,000 / 20,000 shares = 2.25 dividends per share