Suppose you are driving a car and your friend, who is with you in the car, tosses a softball up and down from her point of view. A second friend of yours stands on the street and sees you passing by and says, "You are testing projectile motion with the softball!". Your friend on the street claims that each of you measures a different value for the vertical component of the initial velocity of the softball. Do you agree with the statement?

If the car is moving, it only has a velocity with a component in the horizontal direction. If we use galilean relativity, the velocity of the ball observed by my friend standing in the ground should only be affected in the horizonal direction, while the vertical stays the same for both observers.

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luisvaschetto luisvaschetto · Answer 2 · 2022-03-31T14:07:59+02:00

I disagree because the car is moving and thereby the ball already has velocity.

What is Galilean invariance?

Galilean invariance (also called relativity) indicates that movements in the same in the inertia framework cannot be described.

In consequence, according to Galilean invariance, it is not possible to determine if a body is in movement or at rest.

In this case, both friends are in the same car that moves in the same direction and at the same velocity, thereby it is not possible to measure it.

In conclusion, I disagree because the car is moving and thereby the ball already has velocity.

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