The correct answer is A.
The writer begins with giving specific details about a topic in order to reach a general conclusion. An example : the writer wants to convince the readers that a new shopping mall in the suburbs is a great idea. He conducts a survey where he asks a number of random people what they think about this project. If the majority of them says yes, he assumes that it is a good example of how people feel about the project in general, meaning that they would like the mall to be built.
