1. In the novel Ethan Frome, Wharton describes the dilemma of deciding between following your heart and achieving happiness or fulfilling the duties that society has imposed on you. In this case, Ethan feels compelled to escape with Mattie. However, he is conflicted about leaving his sick wife. His inability to make a choice ends up leading him to tragedy.
2. Wharton uses various devices throughout the story to convey this message. For example, there is extensive use of flashbacks, which are a effective way to give a moralistic tone to the story, reminiscent of fairy tales. She uses imagery, and even personification in terms of the nature of Starkfield, and its harsh winters. There is some symbolism in the female characters, with Mattie being the spring and warmth and Zeena being a cold Starkfield winter. The author also uses similes and metaphors throughout the whole novel.
