The correct answer is: "a refusal to the pre-established social norms and values".
A counterculture is a subculture which typically rejects and contradicts the values which shape the mainstream society and such movements usally reflect the aspirations of speficic generation and human group during a certain era.
The counterculture that proliferated during the 1960s in the US, usually associated with the hippy subculture, rejected the traditional way of life and the establishment. It mostly comprised young people who praised for peace and for the end of the Vietnam War, and also they stood against the so-called "American Dream", a denomination used to refer to the perfect marriage with the working husband and the loving mother and housewife.
