Question

Read the excerpt from "The Environmental Ethic." It is fashionable in some quarters to wave aside the small and obscure, the bugs and weeds, forgetting that an obscure moth from Latin America saved Australia’s pastureland from overgrowth by cactus, that the rosy periwinkle provided the cure for Hodgkin’s disease and childhood lymphocytic leukemia, that the bark of the Pacific yew offers hope for victims of ovarian and breast cancer, that a chemical from the saliva of leeches dissolves blood clots during surgery, and so on down a roster already grown long and illustrious despite the limited research addressed to it. Which of the following claims is best supported by the evidence in this excerpt? All species are worth protecting because even the small organisms contribute important functions in the environment. Every effort should be made to protect each bug and weed species regardless of its potential to cause destruction. All of the species that are now extinct or are becoming extinct could have cured a disease. Only the species that can be used for medical purposes are worth protecting from extinction.

Answer 1

The correct answer is A.

The excerpt indicates that all species are worth saving because you never know what beneficial role they play. The examples given in the excerpt are of small organisms -- even pests -- that ended up playing an important role. Therefore, the first statement is the best one.

Answer 2

The claim that is best supported by the evidence of the passage is "All species are worth protecting because even the small organisms contribute important functions in the environment."

What is a claim?

A claim refers to an argument that is supported by the writing or an article. The claim is generally supported by an evidence that provide more reliability to the claim.

The given passage talks about the importance of different species of animals and plants in the environment. From a small bug, weeds, moth, to the rosy periwinkle, and the bark of Pacific yew provide multiple benefits.

Hence, every species must be protected from being extinct. Therefore the correct option is A.

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