Are you sure these are the answer choices? I would think that a valid expression is 1/2d - 3. If you think about it, 3 inches shorter than 1/2 of 3 is basically 1/2 of d minus 3, which is 1/2d - 3. So, I'm not sure if those are the correct answer choices. Of course, you are still able to manipulate that expression.
Now for the next one, since each ticket costs $5 per person, and there was $450 total made, we can put that as 5 times p= 450, which is C.
Hope this helped! I'm sorry about the first one, but I'm pretty sure I'm right.