Question

The fatal flaw in [the university's] preferential program is its disregard of individual rights as guaranteed by the 14th Amendment. . . . Such rights are not absolute. But when a State's distribution of benefits or [placing] of burdens hinges on ancestry or the color of a person's skin, that individual is entitled to a demonstration that the challenged classification is necessary to promote [an important] state interest. [The university] has failed to carry this burden. Which statement best summarizes this passage?

Answer 1

The statement above was the final verdict of the Supreme court of United States for the case of Reagent University of California versus Barkke in 1978.
Bakke was a white applicant who had a grade point average that was slightly below that of the regular admission applicants but he had an higher score in the aptitude test; the University of Reagent refused to admit him for their medical program and Bakke sued the school because of this. 
Both the California court and the supreme court where the case was appeal commanded the school to admit Bakke because they believed that he was been denied admission because of his color {race}.

Answer 2

B. The university failed to justify denying Fourteenth Amendment rights.