Question

Which statements describe a fully charged capacitor? Check all that apply.

Both plates have the same amount of charge.
Both plates have the same type of charge.
There is a potential difference between the plates.
There is no potential difference between the plates.
Electric potential energy is stored.
Electric potential energy is released.

Answer 1

Well, first of all, there's no such thing as "fully charged" for a capacitor.

A capacitor has a "maximum working voltage", because of mechanical
or chemical reasons, just like a car has a maximum safe speed.  But
anywhere below that, cars and capacitors do their jobs just fine, without
any risk of failing.

So we have a capacitor that has some charge on it, and therefore some
voltage across it.  From the list of choices above . . .

-- Both plates have the same amount of charge.
Yes.  And both plates have opposite TYPES of charge.
One plate is loaded with electrons and is negatively charged.
The other plate is missing electrons and is positively charged.

-- There is a potential difference between the plates.
Yes.  That's the "voltage" mentioned earlier.
It's a measure of how badly the extra electrons want to jump
from the negative plate to the positive plate.

-- Electric potential energy is stored.
Yes.  It's the energy that had to be put into the capacitor
to move electrons away from one plate and cram them
onto the other plate.

Answer 2

The correct options for a fully charged capacitor are:

1. Both plates have the same amount of charge.  

2. There is no potential difference between the plates.

3. Electric potential energy is stored.

The device that stores electrical energy is known as capacitor. It is part of a dynamic electronic component with two terminals. The effect of a capacitor is known as capacitance.

For a fully charged capacitor following points are true:

1. Both plates have the same amount of charge,

When a capacitor is in a external circuit, According to KCL (Kirchhoff's Current Law) the current on a one terminal equals to the current on the other terminal. Therefore, the charge on each plate is equal and opposite

2. There is no potential difference between the plates,

When a capacitor is fully charged, no current flows into the circuit, because the potential difference across the capacitor is equal to the voltage source.

3. Electric potential energy is stored,

It's a potential energy that results from conservation of Coulomb forces and is Connected with the configuration of a particular set of point charges within a defined system.

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