Question

Who were known as "carpetbaggers" and "scalawags"?
Northern confederates who tried to take over Southern lands and businesses after the war
Northerners who tried to make money off the dire situation in the South and Southerners who did the same
Southern ruffians, usually retired from the Confederate Army, who wrought havoc in political meetings
violent Southerners who terrorized blacks to keep them uneducated, poor, and out of politics

Answer 1

The people in the US known as "carpetbaggers" and "scalawags" were "Northerners who tried to make money off the dire situation in the South and Southerners who did the same," although this had to do far more with people coming down from the North. 

Answer 2

Northerners who tried to make money off the dire situation in the South and Southerners who did the same

Carpetbaggers were the Northerners who cam e to the South. They were named after their heavy, tapestry luggage they would bring with them from the North. Scalawags were the Southerners who were seen as betraying their southern neighbors.

Carpetbaggers and scalawags took advantage of land sales and the loss of slaves to buy land cheap and capitalize on the poor economic situation in the South. Many also were or became Republicans so they could gain political positions. This allowed them to control the rebuilding process of the South as well as have power over the new laws controlling the South.