Question

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In one type of plant, orange petals (O) are dominant over yellow petals (o) and tall stems (T) are dominant over short stems (t). Complete a dihybrid cross for parents with the genotypes: OOTt × OoTt and answer the following in complete sentences.

Describe how you would set up a Punnett square for this cross.
List the likelihood of each possible offspring genotype.
List the likelihood of each possible offspring phenotype.

Answer 1

We first check the first parent's possible alleles: OT, Ot, OT, Ot. (Combinations of the 2 O-alleles and T-alleles given).
A similar process is used for the second: OT, Ot, oT, ot

Genotypes: Check the attachment. We combine the alleles from each parent (for example, Ot + oT = OoTt). We do this for all 16 combinations.

Genotype Likelihoods: We count each of the possible results and tabulate the number of times each appears, and divide by the total number of combinations (16).

OOTT: 2/16 = 1/8 = 0.125

OOTt: 4/16 = 1/4 = 0.25

Oott: 2/16 = 1/8 = 0.125

OoTT: 2/16 = 1/8 = 0.125

OoTt: 4/16 = 1/4 = 0.25

Oott: 2/16 = 1/8 = 0.125

Phenotypes: Check attachment. Based on the genotypes, use the dominant gene if at least one is dominant (Ex. Oo = O, oo = o)
Phenotype Likelihoods: We count the number of each possibility, only 2 of which are present: OT and Ot, then divide by the total number of combinations, which is 16.

OT: 12/16 = 3/4 = 0.75

Ot: 4/16 = 1/4 = 0.25