The clean water act was the law that required industries to reduce or eliminate point source pollution in surface waters. The clean water act was the federal law in the united states that was signed in 1972 governing water pollution. it was enacted to provide for the prevention and control of water pollution, and for the maintaining or restoring wholesomeness of water in the country. The growing public awareness and concern for controlling water pollution led to sweeping amendments in 1972, thus establishing basic structure for regulating pollution discharges into the waters of the united states.