Question

Describe the structure of eukaryotic chromosomes

Answer 1

Eukaryotic chromosomes consist of a DNA-protein complex that is organized in a compact manner which permits the large amount of DNA to be stored in the nucleus of the cell. The subunit designation of the chromosome is chromatin. The fundamental unit of chromatin is the nucleosome.

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Answer 2

The structure of an eukaryotic chromosome is described below:

• An eukaryotic cell is a cell that has a well defined membrane-bound NUCLEUS. Chromosomes are carriers of the genetic material (DNA) in the cell. The chromosomes of an eukaryote is stored in the nucleus. However, for the long strands of DNA molecules to fit into the nucleus, the chromosome structure has to be formed.

• The long DNA strands of an eukaryote coils around certain proteins called HISTONE PROTEINS to form a structure called NUCLEOSOME. This nucleosome. The DNA and histones form a complex structure called CHROMATIN. Hence, nucleosome is a basic unit of chromatin. The condensed form of chromatin is CHROMOSOME.

The chromosomes are arranged in a linear manner in eukaryotes.

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