Respuesta :
Answer: (-C=O) bond in the acetic acid is the most most polar bond.
Explanation:
Acetic acid is an organic acid with carboxyl group (-COOH).
In this functional group two oxygen atoms are present in which one oxygen atom is double bonded to carbon atom and another one is single bonded to the carbon atom.
(-C=O) bond is most polar bond because oxygen being electronegative in nature attracts the shared bond pairs of electrons towards itself by which formation of partial positive charges occurs on the carbon atom and partial negative charge on the oxygen atom.
The most polar bond in acetic acid is [tex]\boxed{{\text{O - H bond}}}[/tex].
Further explanation:
Electronegativity:
The tendency of an atom to attract the shared electrons in the bond towards itself is known as electronegativity. The more electronegative atom will more attract the bonding electrons towards itself than the less electronegative one.
Higher the electronegativity value of the element more will be its tendency to accept an electron towards itself.
A polar bond is defined as a covalent bond between two atoms where the electrons that form the bond are unequally distributed. This is reason for the positive charge at one end and the negative charge at other end.
The bond or the molecular polarities are related to the electronegativity of the atoms or the molecules. The polarity of a bond is given by the difference in electronegativity between the two atoms that form polar bond
The factors on which the polarity of bonds depends are as follows:
1) Relative electronegativity of participating atoms:
Since the bond polarity involves pulling of electrons towards itself, hence a more electronegative element will be able to attract the electrons more towards it. As a result, the electrons will definitely move towards the more electronegative element.
2) The spatial arrangement of various bonds in the atom:
The shared pair of electrons also experience pulling force from the other bonded and non-bonded pair of electrons. This results in different bond polarities between same participating atoms that are present in different molecules. For example, bond polarity of O-H bond in a water molecule and acetic acid molecule is different. This is due to the different spatial arrangements of various bonds in the molecule.
Acetic acid also called as ethanoic acid is a colorless organic compound. It consists of methyl group that is bonded to carboxyl group.
The structure of acetic acid is attached in the image.
In acetic acid, two oxygen atoms are present in which one oxygen atom is double-bonded to carbon atom, and another one is single bonded to the carbon atom. Also, oxygen is bonded to hydrogen.
As oxygen is electronegative, the two oxygen atoms draw electron density away from the O-H bond and make the bond polar. Also, the electronegativity difference between oxygen and hydrogen is high due to which electrons are attracted towards oxygen and make the bond most polar.
Hence, in acetic acid O-H bond is most polar.
Learn more:
1. The reason for the acidity of water https://brainly.com/question/1550328
2. Reason for the acidic and basic nature of amino acid. https://brainly.com/question/5050077
Answer details:
Grade: Senior School
Subject: Chemistry
Chapter: Organic compounds
Keywords: acetic acid, polar bond, polarity, electronegativity, O-H bond, CH3COOH, and carboxylic group.
