Respuesta :
Answer;
(4) unstable nuclei emit beta particles
Atoms of I-131 spontaneously decay when the unstable nuclei emit beta particles.
Explanation;
-Unstable nuclides undergo spontaneous change or the spontaneous decay by emitting radiations to attain stability. Stability of isotopes is based on the ratio of neutrons and protons in its nucleus. Although most nuclei are stable, some are unstable and spontaneously decay, emitting radiation.
The unstable nuclei emit beta particles.
What is unstable nuclei?
An atom is unstable (radioactive) if these forces are unbalanced; if the nucleus has an excess of internal energy. Instability of an atom's nucleus may result from an excess of either neutrons or protons.
What is beta particle?
- An unstable nucleus can emit a fast-moving electron called a beta particle, to become more stable.
- Beta radiation is made up of a stream of beta particles emitted from unstable nuclei.
- Beta radiation is normally emitted from unstable nuclei in which the number of neutrons is much larger than the number of protons.
- A beta particle has a relative mass that can be considered to be zero, so its mass number is zero, and as the beta particle is an electron, it can be written as ⁰₋₁e. It can also be written as ⁰₋₁β.
Atoms of I-131 spontaneously decay when the unstable nuclei emit beta particles.
The unstable nuclei undergo spontaneous decay by emitting radiations to attain stability. Stability of isotopes is based on the ratio of neutrons and protons in its nucleus. Although most nuclei are stable, some are unstable and spontaneously decay, emitting radiation.
Hence, option 4 is the answer.
To learn more about beta decay here
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