This molecule is an enzyme, specifically a peptidase enzyme.
Enzymes are protein in nature and can thus be broken down into amino acids.
A peptidase is a kind of enzyme that specifically breaks down proteins. Peptidases are found in the small intestine in high concentration. They are also known as proteolytic enzymes because they break down protein.
Examples of peptidases found in the small intestines are trypsin and chymotrypsin.