Question

In comparison to an atom of F-19 in the ground state, an atom of C-12 in the ground state has(1) three fewer neutrons
(2) three fewer valence electrons
(3) three more neutrons
(4) three more valence electrons

Answer 1

(2) three fewer valence electrons is your answer.

Answer 2

An atom of C-12 has 3 fewer valence electrons compared to F-19. The correct option is (2) three fewer valence electrons  

To determine which of the options is correct.

We will calculate the number of neutrons as well as determine the valence electrons for each atom

• For atom F-19

To determine the number of neutrons

Using  the formula

Neutron number = Atomic mass - Proton number

Atomic mass = 19

Proton number = 9

∴ Number of neutrons = 19 - 9 = 10

For the valence electron

The electron configuration of F-19 is 2,7

∴ Number of valance electrons = 7

• For atom C-12

To determine the number of neutrons

Atomic mass = 12

Proton number = 6

∴ Number of neutrons = 12 - 6 = 6

For the valence electron

The electron configuration of C-12 is 2,4

∴ Number of valance electrons = 4

From  above, we can observe that F-19 has 7 valence electrons and C-12 has 4 valence electrons.

7 - 4 = 3

Hence, an atom of C-12 has 3 fewer valence electrons compared to F-19. The correct option is (2) three fewer valence electrons

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