Question

PLEASE HELP?
1.) In your own words, describe DNA replication.
2.) How does your original DNA molecule compare with the replicated molecule?
3.) Describe two roles that enzymes play in DNA replication.

Answer 1

1.) DNA replication is a process where the double helix is unwound and each strand is replicated to create another. This occurs in all replication of the body cells, or reproductive cells, a common process called mitosis.

2) The original DNA molecule is exactly the same as the replicated molecule, but the original is called the parent cell and the replicated molecule the daughter cell.

3) Enzymes act as catalysts/proofreaders of DNA replication. For example, Primase synthesizes RNA primer, or DNA ligase joins DNA strands together.

Answer 2

DNA replication is the mechanism by which a cell unwinds the DNA double helix and duplicates both template strands before entering cell division.

• The cell cycle is divided into two main stages: interphase (where occur DNA replication) and mitotic (M) phase.

• The goal of DNA replication is to duplicate the genetic material (DNA) of the cell before entering into cell division (either mitosis or meiosis).

• After DNA replication, the original DNA molecule in the parental mitotic cell is genetically identical to the DNA found in daughter cells.

• In meiosis, two successive rounds of cell division produce four daughter cells having half of the genetic material when compared to the parental cell.

Some key enzymes involved in DNA replication are:

1. DNA polymerase: adds new nucleotides to both DNA template strands
2. DNA helicase: opens (unwinds) the double-stranded DNA
3. RNA primase: synthesizes short RNA sequences known as primers, which are required to start DNA replication

In conclusion, DNA replication is the mechanism by which a cell unwinds the DNA double helix and duplicates both template strands before entering cell division.

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