Question

The principal reason for the extremely low solubility of nacl in benzene (c6h6) is the ________. the principal reason for the extremely low solubility of nacl in benzene (c6h6) is the ________. weak solvation of na+ and cl- by c6h6 increased disorder due to mixing of solute and solvent hydrogen bonding in c6h6 strong solvent-solvent interactions strength of the covalent bond in nacl

Answer 1

The principal reason for the extremely low solubility of Nacl in benzene (C₆H₆) is the weak solvation of Na⁺ and Cl⁻ by C₆H₆. 
Solvation is the interaction of solvent (benzene) with molecules or ions (sodium chloride) in a solute. Sodium chloride has ionic bonds and benzene has nonpolar covalent bonds, because of that, solvation is weak.

Answer 2

The principal reason for the extremely low solubility of NaCl in benzene is the $\boxed{\text{weak solvation of}\text{ Na}^+\text{and}\text{ Cl}^-\text{by}\text{ C}_6\text{H}_6}$.

Further Explanation:

Solubility is chemical property of substance that is measure of its extent of dissolution in any solvent. Usually concept of "like dissolves like" is applied to predict solubility of substances. In other words, polar substances are soluble in polar solvents whereas non-polar substances are soluble in non-polar solvents.

Ionic compounds are formed by electrostatic interactions between oppositely charged ions. The electropositive species lose electron and form cations and this electron is gained by electronegative species to form anions. Such compounds are generally formed between metallic and non-metallic atoms.

Covalent compounds are formed due to interactions that result from mutual sharing of electrons between constituent atoms. Since such compounds involve interactions due to electron sharing, these are usually formed between non-metallic atoms.

In NaCl, Na is metal and is capable to form cation while Cl is non-metallic in nature and can form anion. So NaCl is an ionic compound.

In $\text{C}_6\text{H}_6$, both carbon and hydrogen are non-metals and therefore forms bond by mutual sharing of electrons. So $\text{C}_6\text{H}_6$ is covalent compound.

Since  $\text{C}_6\text{H}_6$ is covalent compound, it cannot interact with $\text{Na}^+$ and $\text{Cl}^-$ ions of NaCl. In other words, $\text{C}_6\text{H}_6$ is unable to produce much solvation of ionic constituents of NaCl and therefore solubility of NaCl is extremely low in benzene.

Learn more:

1. Identification of ionic bonding: https://brainly.com/question/1603987

2. What type of bond exists between phosphorus and chlorine? https://brainly.com/question/81715

Answer details:

Grade: High School

Subject: Chemistry

Chapter: Ionic and covalent compounds

Keywords: solubility, NaCl, C6H6, ionic compound, covalent compound, like dissolves like, Na+, Cl-, solvation, metallic, non-metallic.