Respuesta :
Answer;
D. Prokaryotic cells do not contain membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells do.
Explanation;
- Eukaryotic cells are those cells that contain membrane-bound organelles, including a nucleus. Eukaryotes can be single-celled or multi-celled, such as animals, plants, fungi, and insects.
- Prokaryotic cells on the other hand are those cells that do not contain a nucleus or any other membrane-bound organelle. Bacteria are good example of prokaryotes.
The structure found in the prokaryotic cell float freely in the cytoplasm and is not membrane-bound whereas, the membrane-enclosed organelles such as the nucleus, chloroplast, and mitochondria are present in the eukaryotic cell.
Further Explanation:
The unicellular organisms or prokaryotes are devoid of organelles encircled by a membrane. They also lack a nucleus and therefore, the genetic material, which is DNA, is found floating in the cytoplasm of the cell in a closed-loop structure. The darkened region containing the DNA is called a nucleoid. A membrane does not surround the nucleoid. It also contains proteins, RNA, and enzymes for the functioning of the cellular processes. A prokaryotic cell also contains a plasma membrane that separates the interior of the cell from the exterior. The interior of the cell is the cytoplasm, which is filled with a jelly-like fluid containing the cellular components. It also has ribosomes that are responsible for protein synthesis.
In contrast, the organelles enclosed by a membrane are present in a eukaryotic cell. The various organelles present in the cytoplasm of the cell are mitochondria, chloroplast, nucleus, and Golgi apparatus. The major part of DNA is present in the nucleus, which is surrounded by a nuclear membrane, whereas; mitochondria and chloroplast also contain some of the genetic material. A eukaryotic cell contains many chromosomes, unlike prokaryotes, which have only one circular chromosome. The mitochondria are responsible for the production of energy in the form of ATP. The endoplasmic reticulum is used for the transport of synthesized proteins along with the Golgi complex, which package and sorts the secretory proteins.
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Answer Details:
Grade: High School
Chapter: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
Subject: Biology
Keywords:
Prokaryotic cell, nucleoid, DNA, genetic material, eukaryotic cell, nucleus, membrane-enclosed organelles, RNA, proteins, cellular processes, eukaryotes, nucleoid, nuclear membrane, mitochondria, chloroplast, endoplasmic reticulum, unicellular.
