In the first problem, we have (13,78) and know that the proportional rel. has the form y = kx. Subst. the knowns, 78 = k(13). Then k = 6. Mult any input in the left column produces the corresponding result (kx) in the right column.
If x=10, y = 6(10) = 60.
If x=1, y =6(1) = 6
If y = 24, x = 24/6 = 4.
If y = 42, x = 42/6 = 7
Do the same thing in the other 3 cases.