The presence of the IUD thread should be verified before coitus, because the device may be expelled during menses; if the IUD has been expelled, pregnancy can occur. Although dyspareunia is not common, if it does occur, it should be reported. Perforation may occur during insertion of the IUD. The IUD does not affect fertility, as does the oral contraceptive. Immediately after the device is removed the client may try to conceive. The incidence of vaginal infections is not increased with the use of an IUD unless there is unprotected sex with a partner who has a sexually transmitted infection.
