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The only correct answer in this case is B - a stroke.

None of the other answers could be counted as correct here. 

While A - a heart attack is conceptualy similar, when we're talking about a heart attack, we're talking about not enough oxygen that gets delivered to the heart - because something is blocking it. 

C - hypertension on the other hand means someone has a higher blood pressure than is usual for a regular human being, which puts more strain on his cardiovascualr system. 

and D - atherosclerosis doesn't come even close to be correct :)

Answer:

Option B, a stroke

Explanation:

A stroke is caused by an interrupted blood supply which leads to the death of brain cells. The strokes are of two types –

a) Ischemic attack– In this a blood clot causes blocking of blood vessel. Ischemic attack is of two types –  

1. Thrombotic – This occurs primarily due to blood clotting in any vessel or artery

2. Embolic. This occur when a part of thrombus travels from its original site and blocks some other artery  

b) Hemorrhagic stroke – In this a blood vessel burst inside a brain thereby causing brain hemorrhage.

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