[tex]\fb \qquad \qquad \qquad \qquad \textit{function transformations}
\\ \quad \\
% function transformations for trigonometric functions
\begin{array}{rllll}
% left side templates
f(x)=&{{ A}}sin({{ B}}x+{{ C}})+{{ D}}
\\\\
f(x)=&{{ A}}cos({{ B}}x+{{ C}})+{{ D}}\\\\
f(x)=&{{ A}}tan({{ B}}x+{{ C}})+{{ D}}
\end{array}
\\\\
-------------------[/tex]
[tex]\bf \bullet \textit{ stretches or shrinks}\\
\left. \qquad \right. \textit{horizontally by amplitude } |{{ A}}|\\\\
\bullet \textit{ flips it upside-down if }{{ A}}\textit{ is negative}\\
\left. \qquad \right. \textit{reflection over the x-axis}
\\\\
\bullet \textit{ flips it sideways if }{{ B}}\textit{ is negative}\\
\left. \qquad \right. \textit{reflection over the y-axis}[/tex]
[tex]\bf \bullet \textit{ horizontal shift by }\frac{{{ C}}}{{{ B}}}\\
\left. \qquad \right. if\ \frac{{{ C}}}{{{ B}}}\textit{ is negative, to the right}\\\\
\left. \qquad \right. if\ \frac{{{ C}}}{{{ B}}}\textit{ is positive, to the left}\\\\
\bullet \textit{vertical shift by }{{ D}}\\
\left. \qquad \right. if\ {{ D}}\textit{ is negative, downwards}\\\\
\left. \qquad \right. if\ {{ D}}\textit{ is positive, upwards}[/tex]
[tex]\bf \bullet \textit{function period or frequency}\\
\left. \qquad \right. \frac{2\pi }{{{ B}}}\ for\ cos(\theta),\ sin(\theta),\ sec(\theta),\ csc(\theta)\\\\
\left. \qquad \right. \frac{\pi }{{{ B}}}\ for\ tan(\theta),\ cot(\theta)[/tex]
now, with that template in mind,
[tex]\bf \stackrel{parent~function}{y=sin(\theta )}\qquad \qquad y=\stackrel{A}{\frac{1}{2}}sin\left(\stackrel{B}{\frac{1}{2}}\theta \right)
\\\\\\
Amplitude\implies \frac{1}{2}
\\\\\\
Period\implies \cfrac{2\pi }{B}\implies \cfrac{2\pi }{\frac{1}{2}}\implies 4\pi [/tex]
which is pretty much the same sin(θ) function, but squished by 1/2 and elongated up to 4π, check the picture below.
