Q 1 - The Magna Carta lists various rights and restrictions of the people. This influenced the Constitution by giving the writers a solid foundation to base it off of.
Shay's rebellion made delegates scared that the country would collapse therefore the Constitution made a stronger federal government who could keep the states in order.
Q2 Marbury vs Madison - the courts ruled a federal law unconstitutional and this gave the supreme court its main check on the power of congress.
McCulloch vs Maryland - the courts gave congress the power to open a national bank. Congress now possessed powers that the Constitution did not specifically state.
Hope that helps!
