First find out the mass of the 'beaker' with water. Which would be 127.9 - 85 = 42.9 grams (42.9 grams = beaker)
C. 12 + 85 + 42.9 = 139.9 g
D. Before the experiment, Joseph had H2O and NaCl. After the experiment, since the salt dissolved, the NaCl separated into Na and Cl ions.
(so you could just draw Na and Cl ions in the beaker after the experiment)
Hope it helped!