In order to compare who gets more time playing video games, you can find how much time of playing they get for 1 hour of homework or reading.
Jonathan:
5 hours of homework or reading -> 3 hours of video games
(divide both by 5)
1 hour of homework or reading -> 3/5=0.6 hours of video games
Lucas:
1 hour of homework or reading -> 30 minutes=0.5 hours of video games
0.6 is greater than 0.5, so Jonathan gets more time playing video games for 1 hour, so he will get more time than Lucas if they spend the same amount of time on homework and reading.