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The Appalachians were the western outskirt of the states. They were an obstruction that kept them closer to the drift. 
The Appalachian Mountains of eastern North America are lower yet substantially more established than the Rocky Mountains in the West. For early pilgrims who needed to move from the domain of the first 13 American provinces toward the west, the Appalachians filled in as a characteristic hindrance.

A) they acted as a barrier to further settlement to the west

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