Describe neuroimaging evidence for empathic pain.
a) Neuroimaging studies have shown that observing others in pain activates brain regions involved in pain processing, such as the anterior cingulate cortex and insula, suggesting shared neural mechanisms for experiencing pain oneself and witnessing pain in others.
b) Neuroimaging studies have failed to find any evidence for empathic pain, indicating that the perception of others' pain is fundamentally different from experiencing pain oneself.
c) Neuroimaging studies have shown that observing others in pain activates brain regions associated with empathy and social cognition, but not those involved in pain processing, suggesting that empathic responses to pain are mediated by separate neural pathways.
d) Neuroimaging studies have shown that observing others in pain activates brain regions involved in visual processing, but not those involved in pain processing, suggesting that empathic responses to pain are primarily driven by cognitive rather than affective processes.
