Question

What challenges did the californios face? 

Answer 1

i think most likely you are talking about during the gold rush :)

the air was very hot and you had to be careful or you could get dehydrated

there was lot of disease everywhere and many people died 

many wild animals, like snakes and scorpions 

Answer 2

As the carlifonios moved west, they experienced wagon accidents, wild animals, native americans, drowning and starvation.