The text discusses the plight of the irish immigrants in the united states in the late 1800s, when vicious, racially motivated attacks were directed toward them. in 2014, there was a series of angry demonstrations in waterford, a town in ireland, directed against the roma (formerly referred to as gypsies). the irony of the attacks on the roma in waterford is that, like the anti-irish attacks in the united states, they are an example of