The period between the Middle ages and the Renaissance is called the Late Middle Ages. This period was also called the Rebirth because man have improved in the field of arts, politics and learning. The middle ages were filled with dark events such as the Great Famine and the Black Death. To add to that, warfare was also very rampant since revolts are arising everywhere.
However, the time came when man understood philosophy. The unfortunate events may have driven the people to improve themselves. Change of focus was their initial step. New discoveries in science were proposed, the business of printing flourished giving free democratic learning to the people.
