1) Chemical equation:
Mg + I2 ---> Mg I2
2) molar ratios
1 mol Mg : 1 mol I2 : 1 mol Mg I2
3) Calculate the number of moles of Mg in 48 grams
Atomic mass of Mg: 24.3 g/mol
number of moles = mass in grams / atomic mass = 48 g / 24.3 g/mol = 1.975 mol Mg
4) Use a proportion with the molar ratios
1 mol I2 / 1 mol Mg = x / 1.975 mol Mg =>
=> x = 1 mol I2 * 1.975 mol Mg / 1 mol Mg = 1.975 mol I2
5) Convert 1.975 mol I2 to grams
molar mass of I2 = 2 * 126.9 g/mol = 253.8 g/mol
mass = number of moles * molar mass = 1.975 mol * 253.8 g/mol = 501.255 g
Answer: 501 grams
