Question

under what conditions would a scale record a weight for an object which is equal to the magnitude of the gravitational force on the object?

Answer 1

In a non accelerated frame, also called inertial frame, when no additional forces are acting upon the body.

For instance, a scale in free fall will not record the weight, but zero, like the astronauts. But also, if someone is pulling the object or pushing it, the scale will record some other value.

Answer 2

answer:if there are no external forces acting on the object

Explanation:

under what conditions would a scale record a weight for an object which is equal to the magnitude of the gravitational force on the object?

If gravity and the normal reaction force are the only forces acting on the body, and the body is at rest or moving at constant velocity, the normal force and the weight are equal and opposite. Also if there are no influence of external forces

and air resistance is negligible.

from newtons law of motion which states that the rate of change in momentum is directly proportional to the force applied

f=km(v-u)/t

f=kma

where k is the constant and  equal to 1

f=ma